How Many Apc Members Are in the House of Representative

The U.s. Congress is the legislative branch of the federal government and consists of two houses: the lower business firm known as the Firm of Representatives and the upper business firm known equally the Senate. The words "Congress" and "House" are sometimes used colloquially to refer to the Firm of Representatives. There are 535 members of Congress: 100 senators and 435 representatives in the House.

Republicans currently command the Senate (54 to 44 Democrats) and the Firm (246 to 188).

Comparison chart

House of Representatives versus Senate comparison chart

	Firm of Representatives	Senate
Introduction	The United States House of Representatives is one of the 2 houses of the The states Congress. Information technology is frequently referred to every bit the House.	The Usa Senate is the upper house of the bicameral legislature of the United States Congress.
Type	Lower house. Responds to the needs of the people faster since representatives but have a two year term. Laws dealing with revenue must start in the House.	Upper firm. The half-dozen year term means the Senate can be slower and consider the long-term furnishings of laws.
Seats	435 voting members, six non-voting members: 5 delegates, 1 resident commissioner	100
Seats apportioned	Based on the population of each state	Two for each state
Length of term	two years. All 435 seats are up for reelection every 2 years.	6 years. Hither there is a continuous body idea. Only 1/3 of the senate seats are elected every two years. So merely 34 or 33 senators are up for ballot at one fourth dimension.
Term limits	None	None
Leadership	Nancy Pelosi (D) (Speaker); elected past the Firm of Representatives.	The President of the Senate [currently Kamala Harris (D) merely votes in case of a tie. When he or she is not available, the President pro tempore, a senator elected by the Senate [currently Patrick Leahy (D)] takes over on his behalf.
Majority Leader	Steny Hoyer (D)	Chuck Schumer (D)
Minority Leader	Kevin McCarthy (R)	Mitch McConnell (R)
Majority Whip	James Clyburn (D)	John Thune (R)
Minority Whip	Steve Scalise (R)	Dick Durbin (D)
Political groups	Democratic (219), Republican (211), 5 vacant seats	Republican (48), Democratic (48), Contained (2)
Voting system	Starting time-past-the-post	Showtime-past-the-post
History	Based on Virginia Plan	Based on New Jersey Plan

Size of Senate vs. House

While at that place are 100 seats in the Senate (two senators from each land), there are 435 seats in the House of Representatives (i representative from each of the diverse congressional districts, with the number of congressional districts in each land adamant by the population).

The Reapportionment Act of 1929 gear up the final number of the House at the current 435, with commune sizes adapted according to population growth. Even so, as district borders were never divers definitively, they tin and often do stretch into peculiar shapes due to a practice known as gerrymandering.

Gerrymandering is used at the state legislature level to create districts that overwhelmingly favor ane political party. Federal and Supreme Court rulings accept overturned gerrymandering efforts that have been perceived to be based on race, but otherwise some districts have been reconfigured to requite 1 or some other party an farthermost political advantage, thus allowing that party to secure more power in the state and in the Business firm of Representatives.

A line graph showing which political parties have controlled the U.S. House of Representatives and Senate over the years. Click to overstate.

Roles of Representatives and Senators

The Firm plays a major role in government, mainly that of initiating all revenue-based legislation. Any proposal to raise taxes must come up from the House, with Senate review and approval. The Senate, on the other manus, has sole ability of approval on foreign treaties and cabinet and judicial nominations, including appointments to the Supreme Court.

In cases of impeachment (e.thousand., Andrew Johnson in 1868 and Bill Clinton in 1998), the House determines if charges tin be brought against the official, and a simple majority vote approves or rejects the filing of charges (the impeachment procedure). If approved, the Senate then serves equally the investigative/judicial trunk to determine if the charges merit removing the defendant official from his or her office. Withal, the vote in the Senate has to correspond "a significant bulk," usually taken to mean 67 of the 100 votes.

Members of Congress are deemed to be "across the power of arrest" while in office, except in cases of treason, murder, or fraud. This stipulation has been used past representatives and senators to avoid subpoenas and other judicial procedures. A senator tin waive the privilege at any fourth dimension, only a member of the Firm has to submit his or her petition to a general vote. If a elementary majority approves, the privilege can be waived.

Congress has the power to subpoena whatever citizen. Noncompliance with a congressional subpoena tin carry upwards to a one-year jail sentence. The case is heard in a judicial forum, and penalization (a sentence) for those found guilty of "contempt of Congress" is handled strictly by the judicial system.

The succession order in the federal regime is president, vice president and then Speaker of the House, the leader of the representatives. The vice president is considered the "president" of the Senate, though he or she is non required or even expected to nourish most Senate sessions. The Senate elects a "President Pro Tempore," oftentimes the senior, or longest-serving, senator of the majority party, who is responsible for managing solar day-to-twenty-four hours business concern.

Length of Terms

Senators are elected for a six-twelvemonth term, only Business firm representatives only have ii-year terms earlier they need to seek reelection. Every member of the House is up for election or reelection every two years, but the Senate has a staggered system wherein merely i-third of the Senators are upwards for election or reelection every ii years. It is possible for the House to modify to a large extent (in terms of political party control) every two years, simply changes are slower in the Senate. In both chambers, incumbents take a great advantage over challengers, winning more than 90% of all contested races.

Qualifications

To be eligible as a representative, a person needs to exist at least 25 years old at the time of the ballot and have lived continuously in the U.Due south. for at least seven years. To go a senator, one must be at to the lowest degree 30 years old at the time of the election and take lived continuously in the U.S. for at least 9 years. It is not a requirement to be a natural-built-in citizen in guild to become a member of Congress.

Committees

Most of Congress' work takes place in committees. Both the Firm and Senate have standing, special, conference, and joint committees.

Standing committees are permanent and provide longer-serving members with power bases. In the Business firm, primal committees include Budget, Means and Means, and Armed Services, while the Senate has Appropriations, Foreign Relations, and Judiciary committees. (Some committees exist in both chambers, such as Budget, Armed Services, and Veterans Affairs.) Special committees are temporary, formed to investigate, clarify, and/or evaluate specific bug. Briefing committees are formed when legislation is canonical in both the House and Senate; they finalize the language in legislation. Joint committees feature members of the House and Senate, with leadership of each commission alternating between members of each chamber.

Committees also have subcommittees, which are formed to focus more than closely on certain issues. Some have go permanent, but most are formed for limited time frames. Although useful for zeroing in on primal issues, the proliferation of committees, and especially subcommittees, has decentralized the legislative procedure and significantly slowed it, making Congress less responsive to changing trends and needs.

Debating legislation has stricter rules in the House than in the Senate, applicable at both the committee and whole-body levels. In the Business firm, debate fourth dimension is restricted and topics are set beforehand, with discussions limited to the calendar. In the Senate, the tactic chosen filibustering is allowed. Once the floor is ceded to a senator, he or she can speak for as long every bit the senator chooses, on whatever topic; no other business organisation can be transacted while the person speaks. A filibuster is used to block potential legislation or Senate decisions until a favorable vote can be called. This has resulted in sometimes comically cool efforts on the part of senators. For instance, during a 2013 filibuster over the Affordable Intendance Act, Senator Ted Cruz (R-TX) read from Green Eggs and Ham.

Origins of House and Senate

In full general, the Firm represents the population, while the Senate represents a "landed/big holding" populace. In colonial times, the proposed "legislative body" had two models. The Virginia Plan, endorsed by Thomas Jefferson, created a group of representatives based on population sizes, so that more populous states would have a greater vocalisation in legislative issues. Opposing it was the New Jersey Programme that limited each land to the same number of representatives; the plan suggested that at that place be something between two to five representatives per state. The New Jersey Plan was criticized for belongings larger states "hostage" to smaller states, as each would take the same power base of operations. This commodity in The New Yorker dissects information technology well:

James Madison and Alexander Hamilton admittedly hated the idea that each land should be entitled to the same number of senators regardless of size. Hamilton was withering on the topic. "As states are a collection of individual men," he harangued his fellow-delegates at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia, "which ought we to respect most, the rights of the people composing them, or of the bogus beings resulting from the composition? Cipher could exist more than preposterous or absurd than to sacrifice the former to the latter."

Per the Connecticut Compromise at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia in 1787, the U.s.a. adopted the bicameral organization of the English Parliament (i.due east., House of Lords and House of Commons). The compromise was between the Virginia programme (small state) and the New Jersey proposal (big land), 2 competing ideas on whether each state should get equal representation in the federal regime or whether representation should exist based on population. The compromise established that representatives in the lower house (House of Representatives) will exist based on a population number (called a "district") while the upper house (Senate) would comprise 2 representative from each country. Information technology was likewise decided that all classes would be eligible to become senators, subject to age and residency restrictions.

References

• Congress.gov
• The System of Congress - Cliff Notes
• Wikipedia: United States Business firm of Representatives
• Wikipedia: Usa Senate
• Wikipedia: Construction of the United states of america Congress

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